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Home Technology

We now know why Betelgeuse is dimming – and it isn’t going supernova

hassibullahsaifi by hassibullahsaifi
June 17, 2021
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A photograph issued by the European Southern Observatory displaying Betelgeuse within the constellation of Orion, earlier than and through its nice dimming in 2019-2020 (Credit: PA)

A cloud of stardust brought on Betelgeuse, one of many brightest stars within the evening sky, to turn into visibly darker practically two years in the past, in keeping with scientists.

Astronomers had been left puzzled when, in late 2019, they seen the purple supergiant, positioned within the constellation of Orion, misplaced greater than two-thirds of its brightness, and began to speculate the star may be about to explode.

A global workforce of researchers then investigated the reason for the mysterious “nice dimming”, utilizing the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Very Massive Telescope (VLT) in Chile to analyse photos of the intense star taken through the years.

In a examine revealed within the journal Nature, the scientists revealed the dimming was brought on by the formation of stardust which partially obscured the star.

Miguel Montarges, from the Observatoire de Paris, France, and KU Leuven, Belgium, who’s lead creator on the examine, added: ‘For as soon as, we had been seeing the looks of a star altering in actual time on a scale of weeks.

‘We have now immediately witnessed the formation of so-called stardust.’


EMBARGOED TO 1600 WEDNESDAY JUNE 16 Undated handout photo issued by the European Southern Observatory showing Betelgeuse in the constellation of Orion, before it grew dimmer. Astronomers have figured out that a cloud of stardust caused the the red supergiant star to become visibly darker during 2019 and 2020. Issue date: Wednesday June 16, 2021. PA Photo. See PA story SCIENCE Betelgeuse. Photo credit should read: Montarges et al/ESO/PA Wire NOTE TO EDITORS: This handout photo may only be used in for editorial reporting purposes for the contemporaneous illustration of events, things or the people in the image or facts mentioned in the caption. Reuse of the picture may require further permission from the copyright holder.
Betelgeuse is among the brightest stars within the evening sky (Credit: PA)

Betelgeuse, which is about 500 light-years from Earth, is nearing the top of its life and has expanded to turn into a purple supergiant star.

So when it began to dim, some consultants started to invest the drop in brightness was signalling its imminent demise in a spectacular supernova explosion.

Nonetheless, the dimming lasted just for a couple of months and Betelgeuse returned to its authentic stage of brightness in April 2020.

Scientists say that the floor of Betelgeuse recurrently modifications as big bubbles of fuel transfer, shrink and swell throughout the star, in a phenomenon generally known as pulsation.

They consider that a while throughout the nice dimming, the star ejected a big fuel bubble that moved away from it.

When a portion of the floor cooled down shortly after the ejection, that temperature lower was sufficient for the heavier components, comparable to silicon, within the fuel to condense into stable mud.

Professor Stefan Kraus, from the College of Exeter, and one of many examine authors, mentioned: ‘Ageing stars comparable to Betelgeuse have lengthy been suspected to churn out flecks of mud, both via a continuing wind or extra localised floor ejections.

‘Right here, we see that Betelgeuse has ejected a large mud cloud that has obscured half of the star’s floor whereas drifting away into house.’

The researchers will proceed learning the star, which is roughly 1,000 instances as giant because the Solar, in hope of catching it eject one other fuel bubble.


EMBARGOED TO 1600 WEDNESDAY JUNE 16 Undated handout photo issued by the European Southern Observatory showing Betelgeuse in the constellation of Orion. Astronomers have figured out that a cloud of stardust caused the the red supergiant star to become visibly darker during 2019 and 2020. Issue date: Wednesday June 16, 2021. PA Photo. See PA story SCIENCE Betelgeuse. Photo credit should read: N Risinger/ESO/PA Wire NOTE TO EDITORS: This handout photo may only be used in for editorial reporting purposes for the contemporaneous illustration of events, things or the people in the image or facts mentioned in the caption. Reuse of the picture may require further permission from the copyright holder.
Betelgeuse within the constellation of Orion. (Credit: PA)

Andrea Dupree, an astronomer on the Harvard-Smithsonian Heart for Astrophysics within the US, and of the examine authors, mentioned: ‘Betelgeuse is a novel star; it’s huge and close by and we’re observing materials immediately leaving the floor of the supergiant.

‘How and the place materials is ejected impacts our understanding of the evolution of all stars.’


MORE :
Betelgeuse star dimming caused by a giant stellar eruption


MORE : Oldest spiral galaxy found by scientists which existed 12,400,000,000 years ago

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